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  2. Creating and Sending Notifications

Creating and Sending Notifications

New in version 5.0: The Notifier component was introduced in Symfony 5.0 as an experimental feature.

Current web applications use many different channels to send messages to the users (e.g. SMS, Slack messages, emails, push notifications, etc.). The Notifier component in Symfony is an abstraction on top of all these channels. It provides a dynamic way to manage how the messages are send. Get the Notifier installed using:

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$ composer require symfony/notifier

Channels: Chatters, Texters, Email and Browser

The notifier component can send notifications to different channels. Each channel can integrate with different providers (e.g. Slack or Twilio SMS) by using transports.

The notifier component supports the following channels:

Tip

Use secrets to securily store your API's tokens.

SMS Channel

The SMS channel uses Texter classes to send SMS messages to mobile phones. This feature requires subscribing to a third-party service that sends SMS messages. Symfony provides integration with a couple popular SMS services:

Service Package DSN
Twilio symfony/twilio-notifier twilio://SID:TOKEN@default?from=FROM
Nexmo symfony/nexmo-notifier nexmo://KEY:SECRET@default?from=FROM
OvhCloud symfony/ovhcloud-notifier ovhcloud://KEY:SECRET@default?from=FROM

New in version 5.1: The OvhCloud integration was introduced in Symfony 5.1.

To enable a texter, add the correct DSN in your .env file and configure the texter_transports:

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# .env
TWILIO_DSN=twilio://SID:[email protected]?from=FROM
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    # config/packages/notifier.yaml
framework:
    notifier:
        texter_transports:
            twilio: '%env(TWILIO_DSN)%'
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    <!-- config/packages/notifier.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<container xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:framework="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services
        https://symfony.com/schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd
        http://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony
        https://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony/symfony-1.0.xsd">

    <framework:config>
        <framework:notifier>
            <framework:texter-transport name="twilio">
                %env(TWILIO_DSN)%
            </framework:texter-transport>
        </framework:notifier>
    </framework:config>
</container>
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    # config/packages/notifier.php
$container->loadFromExtension('framework', [
    'notifier' => [
        'texter_transports' => [
            'twilio' => '%env(TWILIO_DSN)%',
        ],
    ],
]);

Chat Channel

The chat channel is used to send chat messages to users by using Chatter classes. Symfony provides integration with these chat services:

Service Package DSN
Slack symfony/slack-notifier slack://TOKEN@default?channel=CHANNEL
Telegram symfony/telegram-notifier telegram://TOKEN@default?channel=CHAT_ID
Mattermost symfony/mattermost-notifier mattermost://TOKEN@ENDPOINT?channel=CHANNEL
RocketChat symfony/rocketchat-notifier rocketchat://TOKEN@ENDPOINT?channel=CHANNEL

New in version 5.1: The Mattermost and RocketChat integrations were introduced in Symfony 5.1.

Chatters are configured using the chatter_transports setting:

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# .env
SLACK_DSN=slack://[email protected]?channel=CHANNEL
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    # config/packages/notifier.yaml
framework:
    notifier:
        chatter_transports:
            slack: '%env(SLACK_DSN)%'
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    <!-- config/packages/notifier.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<container xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:framework="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services
        https://symfony.com/schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd
        http://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony
        https://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony/symfony-1.0.xsd">

    <framework:config>
        <framework:notifier>
            <framework:chatter-transport name="slack">
                %env(SLACK_DSN)%
            </framework:chatter-transport>
        </framework:notifier>
    </framework:config>
</container>
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    # config/packages/notifier.php
$container->loadFromExtension('framework', [
    'notifier' => [
        'chatter_transports' => [
            'slack' => '%env(SLACK_DSN)%',
        ],
    ],
]);

Email Channel

The email channel uses the Symfony Mailer to send notifications using the special NotificationEmail. It is required to install the Twig bridge along with the Inky and CSS Inliner Twig extensions:

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$ composer require symfony/twig-pack twig/cssinliner-extra twig/inky-extra

After this, configure the mailer. You can also set the default "from" email address that should be used to send the notification emails:

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    # config/packages/mailer.yaml
framework:
    mailer:
        dsn: '%env(MAILER_DSN)%'
        envelope:
            sender: '[email protected]'
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    <!-- config/packages/mailer.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<container xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:framework="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services
        https://symfony.com/schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd
        http://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony
        https://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony/symfony-1.0.xsd">

    <framework:config>
        <framework:mailer
            dsn="%env(MAILER_DSN)%"
        >
            <framework:envelope
                sender="[email protected]"
            />
        </framework:mailer>
    </framework:config>
</container>
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    # config/packages/mailer.php
$container->loadFromExtension('framework', [
    'mailer' => [
        'dsn' => '%env(MAILER_DSN)%',
        'envelope' => [
            'sender' => '[email protected]',
        ],
    ],
]);

Configure to use Failover or Round-Robin Transports

Besides configuring one or more separate transports, you can also use the special || and && characters to implement a failover or round-robin transport:

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    # config/packages/notifier.yaml
framework:
    notifier:
        chatter_transports:
            # Send notifications to Slack and use Telegram if
            # Slack errored
            main: '%env(SLACK_DSN)% || %env(TELEGRAM_DSN)%'

            # Always send notifications to both Slack and Telegram
            all: '%env(SLACK_DSN)% && %env(TELEGRAM_DSN)%'
  • XML
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    <!-- config/packages/notifier.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<container xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:framework="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services
        https://symfony.com/schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd
        http://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony
        https://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony/symfony-1.0.xsd">

    <framework:config>
        <framework:notifier>
            <!-- Send notifications to Slack and use Telegram if
                 Slack errored -->
            <framework:chatter-transport name="slack">
                %env(SLACK_DSN)% || %env(TELEGRAM_DSN)%
            </framework:chatter-transport>

            <!-- Always send notifications to both Slack and Telegram -->
            <framework:chatter-transport name="slack">
                %env(SLACK_DSN)% && %env(TELEGRAM_DSN)%
            </framework:chatter-transport>
        </framework:notifier>
    </framework:config>
</container>
  • PHP
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    # config/packages/notifier.php
$container->loadFromExtension('framework', [
    'notifier' => [
        'chatter_transports' => [
            // Send notifications to Slack and use Telegram if
            // Slack errored
            'main' => '%env(SLACK_DSN)% || %env(TELEGRAM_DSN)%',

            // Always send notifications to both Slack and Telegram
            'all' => '%env(SLACK_DSN)% && %env(TELEGRAM_DSN)%',
        ],
    ],
]);

Creating & Sending Notifications

To send a notification, autowire the NotifierInterface (service ID notifier). This class has a send() method that allows you to send a Notification to a Recipient:

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// src/Controller/InvoiceController.php
namespace App\Controller;

use Symfony\Component\Notifier\Notification\Notification;
use Symfony\Component\Notifier\NotifierInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Notifier\Recipient\AdminRecipient;

class InvoiceController extends AbstractController
{
    /**
     * @Route("/invoice/create")
     */
    public function create(NotifierInterface $notifier)
    {
        // ...

        // Create a Notification that has to be sent
        // using the "email" channel
        $notification = (new Notification('New Invoice', ['email']))
            ->content('You got a new invoice for 15 EUR.');

        // The receiver of the Notification
        $recipient = new AdminRecipient(
            $user->getEmail(),
            $user->getPhonenumber()
        );

        // Send the notification to the recipient
        $notifier->send($notification, $recipient);

        // ...
    }
}

The Notification is created by using two arguments: the subject and channels. The channels specify which channel (or transport) should be used to send the notification. For instance, ['email', 'sms'] will send both an email and sms notification to the user. It is required to specify the transport when using chatters (e.g. ['email', 'chat/telegram']).

The default notification also has a content() and emoji() method to set the notification content and icon.

Symfony provides three types of recipients:

NoRecipient
This is the default and is useful when there is no need to have information about the receiver. For example, the browser channel uses the current requests's session flashbag;
Recipient
This contains only the email address of the user and can be used for messages on the email and browser channel;
AdminRecipient
This can contain both email address and phonenumber of the user. This recipient can be used for all channels (depending on whether they are actually set).

Configuring Channel Policies

Instead of specifying the target channels on creation, Symfony also allows you to use notification importance levels. Update the configuration to specify what channels should be used for specific levels (using channel_policy):

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    # config/packages/notifier.yaml
framework:
    notifier:
        # ...
        channel_policy:
            # Use SMS, Slack and email for urgent notifications
            urgent: ['sms', 'chat/slack', 'email']

            # Use Slack for highly important notifications
            high: ['chat/slack']

            # Use browser for medium and low notifications
            medium: ['browser']
            low: ['browser']
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    <!-- config/packages/notifier.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<container xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:framework="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services
        https://symfony.com/schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd
        http://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony
        https://symfony.com/schema/dic/symfony/symfony-1.0.xsd">

    <framework:config>
        <framework:notifier>
            <!-- ... -->

            <framework:channel-policy>
                <!-- Use SMS, Slack and Email for urgent notifications -->
                <framework:urgent>sms</framework:urgent>
                <framework:urgent>chat/slack</framework:urgent>
                <framework:urgent>email</framework:urgent>

                <!-- Use Slack for highly important notifications -->
                <framework:high>chat/slack</framework:high>

                <!-- Use browser for medium and low notifications -->
                <framework:medium>browser</framework:medium>
                <framework:low>browser</framework:low>
            </framework:channel-policy>
        </framework:notifier>
    </framework:config>
</container>
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    # config/packages/notifier.php
$container->loadFromExtension('framework', [
    'notifier' => [
        // ...
        'channel_policy' => [
            // Use SMS, Slack and email for urgent notifications
            'urgent' => ['sms', 'chat/slack', 'email'],

            // Use Slack for highly important notifications
            'high' => ['chat/slack'],

            // Use browser for medium and low notifications
            'medium' => ['browser'],
            'low' => ['browser'],
        ],
    ],
]);

Now, whenever the notification's importance is set to "high", it will be sent using the Slack transport:

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// ...
class InvoiceController extends AbstractController
{
    /**
     * @Route("/invoice/create")
     */
    public function invoice(NotifierInterface $notifier)
    {
        // ...

        $notification = (new Notification('New Invoice'))
            ->content('You got a new invoice for 15 EUR.')
            ->importance(Notification::IMPORTANCE_HIGH);

        $notifier->send($notification, new Recipient('[email protected]'));

        // ...
    }
}

Customize Notifications

You can extend the Notification or Recipient base classes to customize their behavior. For instance, you can overwrite the getChannels() method to only return sms if the invoice price is very high and the recipient has a phonenumber:

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namespace App\Notifier;

use Symfony\Component\Notifier\Notification\Notification;
use Symfony\Component\Notifier\Recipient\Recipient;

class InvoiceNotification extends Notification
{
    private $price;

    public function __construct(int $price)
    {
        $this->price = $price;
    }

    public function getChannels(Recipient $recipient)
    {
        if (
            $this->price > 10000
            && $recipient instanceof AdminRecipient
            && null !== $recipient->getPhone()
        ) {
            return ['sms', 'email'];
        }

        return 'email';
    }
}

Customize Notification Messages

Each channel has its own notification interface that you can implement to customize the notification message. For instance, if you want to modify the message based on the chat service, implement ChatNotificationInterface and its asChatMessage() method:

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// src/Notifier/InvoiceNotification.php
namespace App\Notifier;

use Symfony\Component\Notifier\Message\ChatMessage;
use Symfony\Component\Notifier\Notification\ChatNotificationInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Notifier\Notification\Notification;
use Symfony\Component\Notifier\Recipient\Recipient;

class InvoiceNotification extends Notification implements ChatNotificationInterface
{
    private $price;

    public function __construct(int $price)
    {
        $this->price = $price;
    }

    public function asChatMessage(Recipient $recipient, string $transport = null): ?ChatMessage
    {
        // Add a custom emoji if the message is sent to Slack
        if ('slack' === $transport) {
            return (new ChatMessage('You\'re invoiced '.$this->price.' EUR.'))
                ->emoji('money');
        }

        // If you return null, the Notifier will create the ChatMessage
        // based on this notification as it would without this method.
        return null;
    }
}

The SmsNotificationInterface and EmailNotificationInterface also exists to modify messages send to those channels.

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